Using D-Exponent/Modified D-Exponent in identifying the abnormal/subnormal pressure zones

I am Asfand Yar, working as a Drilling Engineer at Pakistan Oilfields Limited.

The D-Exponent is widely recognized as a useful tool in identifying changes in formation type and inferring pore pressure variations, particularly in detecting abnormal and subnormal pressure zones. However, I have noted that the accuracy and reliability of the D-Exponent method can sometimes be a concern, especially when relying on it in complex drilling environments.

I would like to ask:

How accurately can the D-Exponent be used for formation and pore pressure interpretation?

What practices or methods can be applied to improve its accuracy?

Based on your experience, how effective has the D-Exponent been in identifying overpressured or underpressured zones, and what limitations have you observed?

I would appreciate it if you could share your experiences, insights, or any best practices regarding the use of the D-Exponent in real-world drilling scenarios.

Thank you in advance.

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